Resources in Early American History
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Abolition, emancipation, freedom (1)
Adena culture -- West Virginia (1)
Algonquian Indians (1)
Algonquian languages (1)
Algonquin language (3)
American Philosophical Society (1)
Anishinaabe (4)
Arabic language (1)
Arawak language (2)
Arawak language -- Dictionaries -- German (1)
Astronomy -- 18th century (1)
Atacapas language (2)
Aztecs. (1)
Biology, genetics, eugenics (1)
Botany. (1)
Caddo language (1)
Cakchikel language (1)
Canals -- New York (State) (1)
Carib language (1)
Cayuga language (1)
Cheroenhaka Indians (1)
Cherokee Indians (1)
Cherokee language (2)
Chickasaw language (2)
Chippewa language (1)
Chitimacha language (1)
Choctaw Indians (1)
Choctaw language (2)
Chontal language (1)
Courts -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia County. (1)
Cree language (1)
Creek Indians (1)
Creek Indians -- Government relations (1)
Creek language (2)
Culture, community, organizations (1)
Delaware Indians (1)
Delaware language (4)
Eastern Woodlands Indians (1)
Education (1)
Engineers -- New York (State) (1)
Freemasons -- New York (State) (1)
Greek language (1)
History of science and technology. (1)
Indian reservations (1)
Indians of Mexico (1)
Indians of North America (2)
Indians of North America -- Canada -- Languages -- Writing (1)
Indians of North America -- Education (1)
Indians of North America -- Government relations (1)
Indians of North America -- Kentucky (1)
 Author:  American Philosophical Society. Historical & Literary CommitteeRequires cookie*
 Title:  American Philosophical Society Historical and Literary Committee, American Indian Vocabulary Collection     
 Dates:  1784-1828 
 Abstract:  These three volumes contain APS's correspondence and records relating to Native American languages. MOLE contains a detailed inventory of the collection. The first volume contains extensive correspondence on Native American languages, some of which is addressed to Thomas Jefferson. Much of this material is from the early to mid nineteenth centutry. The second volume contains Thomas Jefferson's printed form that he sent out to individuals asking for Native American language information. The third volume contains photostats of a dictionary of the Miami language.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.V85 
 Extent:  0.25 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Atacapas language | Cherokee language | Chickasaw language | Chippewa language | Choctaw language | Chontal language | Creek language | Delaware language | Indians of North America -- Languages | Linguistics | Massachusett language | Miami language (Ind. and Okla.) | Micmac language | Mohegan language | Munsee language | Nanticoke language | Osage language | Quapaw language | Taino language | Unquachog language 
 Author:  AnonymousRequires cookie*
 Title:  The Natchez, 1840     
 Dates:  1840 
 Abstract:  This fascinating account of the Natchez was written in 1840 and appears to convey oral history of the time. The author begins by stating "it was with extreme difficulty we succeeded in procuring the information." The document is approximately 135 pages long and touches on the Natchez history and their "manners, customs, [and] traditions." The focus of the document is on their history, however, and much of the content was relayed to the author orally by the Natchez. There is an extended discussion of their beliefs and practices. The document contains biographical data on prominent members of the Natchez and other native peoples, such as Pushmataha.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.3.N19 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America | Religion 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America | Natchez Indians -- History 
 Author:  Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844Requires cookie*
 Title:  Indian vocabularies, 1820-1844     
 Dates:  1820-1844 
 Abstract:  This portion of the Peter Stephen Du Ponceau Collection relates to his collection of Native American languages. As a leading linguist of the era, the Du Ponceau collection has three portions that reflect his interest in linguistics. The first is a large volume of 73 Indian languages for both South and North American Indians (497 In2), which is what this entry refers to. The second is a nine volume set of notes on philology that focuses on Native American languages but includes notes on range of other language groups, such as the language of Polynesians and Greeks (410 D92). The notes also make numerous observations about Native American customs, practices, and beliefs. The third portion of linguistic material is a dictionary of terms relating to the sea and seafaring (359.03 D92).

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 Call #:  Mss.497.In2 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Courts -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia County. | Indians of North America -- Languages | Indians of South America -- Languages 
 Author:  Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844Requires cookie*
 Title:  Peter Stephen Du Ponceau notebooks on philology, [1815-1834]     
 Dates:  Circa 1815-1834 
 Abstract:  The Peter Stephen Du Ponceau Collection has a wide array of material. This entry refers to a nine volume set of notes on philology that focuses on Native American languages but includes notes on range of other language groups, such as the language of Polynesians and Greeks (410 D92). The notes also make numerous observations about Native American customs, practices, and beliefs.

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 Call #:  Mss.410.D92 
 Extent:  9 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Commonplace Book | Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Arabic language | Greek language | Indians of North America -- Languages | Language and languages | Polynesian languages | Turkic languages 
 Author:  Gardiner, Emma JaneRequires cookie*
 Title:  Penobscot Indian vocabulary, 1821     
 Dates:  1821 
 Abstract:  This bound volume includes approximately twenty pages of Abenaki words and their English translations compiled by Emma Gardiner of Gardiner, Maine in 1821. Although the origins of this document are not clear, it is possible that Gardiner worked with Abenaki Indians to compile this list. The document contains the annotations and other notes of Peter Du Ponceau.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.G16 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Languages | Penobscot language 
 Author:  Hawkins, Benjamin, 1754-1816Requires cookie*
 Title:  Sketch of the Creek country in the years 1798 and 1799, [n.d.]     
 Dates:  n.d. 
 Abstract:  This document is a copy of Benjamin Hawkins report on the Creeks. In the essay, Hawkins tries to give a nearly complete picture of the Creek confederacy. He details the various Creek towns and their character, describes some individuals, conveys the oral history of an elder, and provides commentary on Creek culture, government, and tactics of war.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.3.H31 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials | Official Government Documents and Records | Oral History 
 Subjects:  Creek Indians -- Government relations | Indians of North America -- Government relations 
 Author:  Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters, 1816-1822, to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau     
 Dates:  1816-1822 
 Abstract:  The John Heckewelder Collection consists of an assortment of documents, almost all of which deal with Native Americans. Heckewelder was a Moravian missionary to Delaware Indians in Pennsylvania who was a prominent figure in nineteenth century intellectual circles. The primary focus of the collection is on his attempt to preserve Native American languages, especially those of the Lenni Lenape (Delaware) in Pennsylvania. His correspondence and one publication also chronicle Native American history, customs, and life. Heckewelder also kept a meteorological journal while on his mission to Gnadenhutten, Pennsylvania from 1802-1814, which is part of the collection. Much of the collection comes from Heckewelder's correspondence with the APS and its prominent member and linguist Stephen Du Ponceau.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.H35o 
 Extent:  0.5 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Diaries | Language Material | Meteorological Data | Native American Materials | Oral History 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Languages 
 Author:  Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  Names of various trees, shrubs, and plants in the language of the Lennape [sic], 1840     
 Dates:  1840 
 Abstract:  This volume contains a vocabulary of Indian words for natural items compiled by John Heckewelder .

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.W85 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Algonquian languages | Algonquin language | Cheroenhaka Indians | Delaware language | Indians of North America -- Languages | Iroquoian languages 
 Author:  Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  Names which the Lenni Lenape...had given to rivers, streams, places, etc., 1822     
 Dates:  1822 
 Abstract:  The John Heckewelder Collection consists of an assortment of documents, almost all of which deal with Native Americans. Heckewelder was a Moravian missionary to Delaware Indians in Pennsylvania who was a prominent figure in nineteenth century intellectual circles. The primary focus of the collection is on his attempt to preserve Native American languages, especially those of the Lenni Lenape (Delaware) in Pennsylvania. His correspondence and one publication also chronicle Native American history, customs, and life. Heckewelder also kept a meteorological journal while on his mission to Gnadenhutten, Pa from 1802-1814, which is part of the collection. Much of the collection comes from Heckewelder's correspondence with the APS and its prominent member and linguist Stephen DuPonceau.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.H35n 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Diaries | Native American Materials | Oral History 
 Subjects:  Names, Delaware. | Names, Indian -- North America. 
 Author:  Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  Notes, amendments, and additions to his account of the Indians, 1820     
 Dates:  1820 
 Abstract:  This small document contains annotations, changes, and amendments that John Heckewelder hoped would be made to his "Account of the history, manners, and customs of the Indian nations, who once inhabited Pennsylvania and the neighboring states." The changes include additions to sections on religion, belief, and cultural practices.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.1.H35n 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America | Pennsylvania History 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Algonquian Indians | Indians of North America -- Pennsylvania -- History | Indians of North America -- Pennsylvania -- Social life and customs 
 Author:  James, Edwin,1797-1861.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Conjugation of the verb "to hear" in its various forms in the Chippeway language, [ca. 1833]     
 Dates:  Circa 1833 
 Abstract:  This bound volume, given to the APS in 1839, contains the conjugation of the Chippeway word "to hear." Compiled by of Edwin James, the volume also contains notes by Peter Du Ponceau.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.J23 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Anishinaabe | Indians of North America -- Languages | Ojibwa language 
 Author:  James, Edwin,1797-1861.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Some account of the Menomonies, with a specimen of an attempt to form a dictionary of their language, 1827     
 Dates:  1827 
 Abstract:  This volume appears to be a draft of a language textbook for the Menomonee and Ojibwa. It begins with an overview of the Menomonee, their culture, history, and location. The text then goes on to describe their language with examples of words and usage.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.1.J23 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Languages | Menominee language -- Dictionaries 
 Author:  Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826Requires cookie*
 Title:  Comparative vocabularies of several Indian languages, 1802-1808     
 Dates:  1802-1808 
 Abstract:  Presented to the APS by Thomas Jefferson in 1817, this volume contains Jefferson's compilation of Indian Vocabularies.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.J35 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Atacapas language | Caddo language | Cayuga language | Cherokee language | Chickasaw language | Chitimacha language | Choctaw language | Cree language | Creek language | Delaware language | Indians of North America -- Languages | Mahican language | Miami language (Ind. and Okla.) | Munsee language | Nanticoke language | Oneida language | Onondaga language | Ottawa language | Shawnee language | Tuscarora language | Unami jargon | Unquachog language 
 Author:  Meriam, Ebenezer,1794-1864.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Ebenezer Meriam correspondence, 1850-1855     
 Dates:  1850-1855 
 Abstract:  This collection consists primarily of correspondence form Onondaga Indians in the 1850. Much of the correspondence discusses education and religion. Some of the letters relate to affairs between New York state and Indian groups seeking aid. Much of this correspondence is beyond the chronological scope of this guide.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.3.On1 
 Extent:  32 item(s) 
 Topics:  Education | Government Affairs | Native America 
 Genre:  Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indian reservations | Indians of North America -- Education | Onondaga Indians 
 Author:  Parker, Ely Samuel, 1828-1895Requires cookie*
 Title:  Ely Samuel Parker Papers     
 Dates:  1794-1946 
 Abstract:  The Ely Parker Collection is a large and rich amalgamation of documents relating to the New York Seneca and to Ely Parker's own life.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.P223 
 Extent:  3.5 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Education | Government Affairs | Language and Linguistics | Law | Military History | Native America | Religion | Science and technology 
 Genre:  General Correspondence | Language Material | Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials | Official Government Documents and Records 
 Subjects:  Canals -- New York (State) | Engineers -- New York (State) | Freemasons -- New York (State) | Iroquois Indians | Ogden Land Company | Seneca Indians -- Missions | Seneca Indians -- New York (State) | Seneca Indians -- Religion | Seneca language | Society of Friends -- Relations with Indians | Tonawanda Indian Reservation (N.Y.) 
 Author:  Peirronet, ThomasRequires cookie*
 Title:  Specimen of the Mountaineer, or Sheshatapooshshoish, Skoffie, and Micmac Languages, 1797     
 Dates:  1797 
 Abstract:  This slender volume is the notebook of Thomas Pierronet. This volume contains a range of material on Native American languages and cultures. It contains a comparative vocabulary of Micmac, Montagnais, and Nascapee Indians. It also has a record of prayers and pictographs of the Micmac.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.P61s 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Algonquin language | Indians of North America -- Canada -- Languages -- Writing | Indians of North America -- Languages | Indians of North America -- Maritime Provinces | Micmac Indians | Micmac language -- Writing | Montagnais language | Naskapi language 
 Author:  Pennsylvania (Province)Requires cookie*
 Title:  Minutes of Indian treaties and conferences, 1721-1760, [n.d.].     
 Dates:  1721-1760 
 Abstract:  This collection of seven volumes contains the minutes of various treaties the colony of Pennsylvania conducted with Native peoples. Some of these reports go beyond the minutes of the treaties and contain details about the governor's entourage and travel. The volume that contains minutes for Indian treaties from 1758-1760 contains George Croghan's journal from a trip to western areas in 1759. The Treaty of Easton (970.5 M659) contains a sketch of the land Teedyschung requested, a drawing that often has not been reproduced in accounts of the treaty minutes.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.5.P26 
 Extent:  7 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Diplomatic History | Native America | Pennsylvania History | Seven Years' War 
 Genre:  Diplomatic Material | Native American Materials | Official Government Documents and Records 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Treaties | Treaties. 
 Author:  Potier, Pierre-Philippe,1708-1Requires cookie*
 Title:  Huron linguistic materials, 1743-1744     
 Dates:  1743-1744 
 Abstract:  Dating from the 1740s, this Huron-French dictionary contains more than just linguistic material. The volume also has data on the Huron, such as a description of a village and names of their leaders.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.2.P845 
 Extent:  1 item 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Languages | Wyandot Indians | Wyandot language 
 Author:  Pyrlaeus, John Christopher,171Requires cookie*
 Title:  Lexicon der Macquaischen Sprachen, [n.d.]     
 Dates:  n.d. 
 Abstract:  This volume contains a German-Mohawk dictionary that Moravian missionary John Pylareus compiled in the eighteenth century.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.33.P99 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America | Religion 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Mohawk language 
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